Аннотация
Проведено сравнение активности оксидоредуктаз энергетического метаболизма – малатдегидрогеназы (МДГ, 1.1.1.37) и лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ, 1.1.1.27) в отделах мозга - продолговатом мозге (ПМ) и переднем, промежуточном, среднем мозге (СППМ) и камерах сердца – предсердии и желудочке черноморской скорпены в условиях острой гипоксии (0.9–1.2 мг O2·л–1, 90 мин). В мозге и сердце активность МДГ была существенно выше ЛДГ (р < 0.05), что характерно для оксифильных тканей. Активность МДГ ПМ и предсердия оказалась выше таковой в СППМ и желудочке соответственно. При острой гипоксии отмечались специфические сдвиги энергетического метаболизма в структурах мозга и сердца в виде двух паттернов изменения активности оксидоредуктаз. При гипоксии в ПМ и предсердии активность МДГ существенно уменьшалась (р < 0.05). В СППМ и желудочке сердца отмечалась выраженная активация ЛДГ (р < 0.05). Предполагается, что сходство метаболических реакций ПМ и предсердия определяется функционированием встроенных в них механизмов генерации респираторного и сердечного ритма, связанных с регулируемыми цАМФ (производным АТФ) HCN-каналами. При нормоксии интенсивные электрические осцилляции ПМ и предсердия требуют высоких энергозатрат, которые обеспечиваются за счет аэробного гликолиза; при гипоксии падение синтеза АТФ способствует инактивации HCN-каналов и переключению дыхательной и сердечной функции в выгодный для выживания скорпены режим супрессии. При кислородном голодании переход к анаэробному гликолизу в СППМ и желудочке сердца скорпены обеспечивает прежде всего сохранение их целостности.
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