Аннотация
Сегодня большинство исследователей считает, что цирканнуальные колебания в функционировании организма человека связаны не столько с колебаниями уровня мелатонина, сколько с изменениями температуры воздуха. Цель данной работы – с помощью мета-анализа публикаций исследовать сезонную динамику мелатонина, пролактина, половых гормонов и гормонов надпочечников у здоровых людей; на основании результатов мета-анализа сделать вывод о влиянии фотопериода и температуры воздуха на сезонные изменения в функционировании организма современного человека. Нами с помощью программы Review Manager 5.3 был проведен мета-анализ 31 панельного и 12 кросс-секциональных исследований, посвященных сезонной динамики циркулирующих гормонов. В результате проведенного мета-анализа было выявлено увеличение уровня циркулирующего норадреналина и альдостерона зимой по сравнению с летом, что наряду с установленным ранее увеличением активности тиреоидных гормонов зимой, подтверждает существенное влияние цирканнуальных колебаний температуры воздуха на гормональный статус современного человека. Однако поскольку в ряде исследований была показана сезонная динамика мелатонина, а мета-анализ выявил значимое увеличение весной по сравнению с осенью среднего за сутки уровня пролактина у женщин репродуктивного возраста, нельзя полностью исключить влияние фотопериода на современного человека. Гормональные изменения, в свою очередь, могут вызвать сезонные изменения физиологических параметров и репродуктивной функций, а также повлиять на развитие и обострение отдельных патологий.
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