Аннотация
Запах играет важную роль в коммуникации животных и выборе партнера для спаривания. После заражения или активации иммунной системы самцов мышей запах их мочи становится менее привлекательным для половозрелых самок. Развитие иммунного ответа на ранних стадиях связано с продукцией различных цитокинов, как провоспалительных, так и противовоспалительных. Чтобы исследовать химическую основу наблюдаемых различий и проанализировать эффекты взаимодействия самок с запахом антигенстимулированных самцов, мы иммунизировали самцов инбредных линий мышей BALB/c (Th1) и C57BL/6 (Th2) гемоцианином (KLH). Для самок обеих исследованных линий привлекательность запаха мочи самцов, собранной через 3 дня после иммунизации, оказалась ниже по сравнению с запахом контрольных самцов. При этом самки линии BALB/c меньше обнюхивали мочу иммунизированных самцов, а самки C57BL/6 демонстрировали меньшую продолжительность груминга в тестах с мочой иммунизированных самцов. Измененная реакция самок на запах мочи самцов, собранной на 3-й день после введения KLH, совпала с антиген-индуцированной модуляцией относительных уровней летучих органических соединений (ЛОС), которые были обнаружены в образцах мочи методами газовой хроматографии и масс-спектроскопии. (ГХ-МС). У самцов обеих линий после введения KLH наблюдалось увеличение содержания нонаналя, бензотиазола, а также 2-втор-бутил-4,5-дигидротиазола, и [1,4,5]-оксадитиоэпана. При этом не было обнаружено соединений, содержание которых разнонаправленно изменяется в моче самцов после иммунизации в зависимости от линии животного.
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