Аннотация
Активация микроглии провоспалительными стимулами, включающими липополисахарид (ЛПС), рассматривается среди факторов риска нейродегенерации, однако ЛПС может оказывать также нейропротективный эффект, что обусловливает дальнейший анализ взаимосвязи микроглиальной активации и регуляторов клеточной гибели. В настоящей работе было проведено сравнительное исследование экспрессий белков маркера активированной микроглии Iba-1 и исполнительной протеазы апоптоза каспазы-3 в стволе мозга и префронтальной коре крыс в зависимости от дозы и режима внутрибрюшинного введения эндотоксина. Через сутки после ЛПС в дозе 0.5 мг/кг, однократно, экспрессии Iba-1 и каспазы-3 в обеих структурах не отличались от контрольных значений. Введение эндотоксина в этой же дозе четырехкратно в течение 7-ми дней (1 раз в 2 дня) привело через сутки после последнего введения к значительному увеличению уровня Iba-1 в стволе мозга, которому сопутствовало достоверное уменьшение экспрессии каспазы-3. Такие же эффекты в этой структуре наблюдались и через 7 дней после однократного введения ЛПС в более высокой дозе – 5 мг/кг. В 7-дневном эксперименте во фронтальной коре, в отличие от ствола мозга, не было обнаружено изменений в экспрессии каспазы-3, а увеличение экспрессии Iba-1 наблюдалось только после однократного введения ЛПС в высокой дозе. Выявленное снижение уровня каспазы-3 в стволе мозга в условиях нейровоспаления может отражать развитие адаптивных нейропротективных процессов, особенно важных для структуры, отвечающей за такие ключевые функции организма, как дыхание, артериальное давление и сердцебиение.
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