Аннотация
Анализ ответов, обусловленных электрической стимуляцией, – одна из экспериментальных парадигм изучения возбудимости нервной системы. В частности, широко используется методика регистрации ответов мышц на электрическую эпидуральную стимуляцию (ЭС) спинного мозга (СМ) человека и животных. У крыс, децеребрированных на преколликулярном уровне, анализировали ответы mm. tibialis anterior (TA) и gastrocnemius medialis (GM) при ЭС спинальных сегментов L2, L4, L6 и трансвертебральной стимуляции (ТС) на уровне позвонков VL2, VL4, VL6 одиночными и двойными импульсами. Находили токи, при которых амплитуда сенсорного компонента ответа для одиночного импульса и одного из импульсов пары была максимальна. На минимальном из этих токов анализировали отношение амплитуд сенсорного компонента ответа на первый и второй импульсы к амплитуде сенсорного компонента ответа на одиночный импульс. Для обеих мышц было получено ослабление ответа на оба импульса пары при ТС VL2 и VL4, при этом при стимуляции VL2 ответ TA на второй импульс был ниже, чем на первый. Напротив, при ЭС всех сегментов интереса для обеих мышц было получено облегчение ответа на второй импульс. Подобный эффект облегчения качественно наблюдался и для двух других мышц, mm. iliacus и vastus lateralis. Таким образом, использование двойных импульсов при стимуляции позволило выявить зависимость отклика нейронных сетей СМ от способа их активации (ТС или ЭС). Облегчение ответа на второй импульс при ЭС предположительно объясняется уменьшением пресинаптического торможения вследствие децеребрации.
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