Аннотация
На основе анализа обширного клинического, психофизиологического и экспериментального материала автор приходит к выводу о неприменимости широко распространенного представления о том, что в процессе сна происходит обработка информации, полученной в предшествующем бодрствовании, необходимая для формирования долговременной памяти и других когнитивных ресурсов головного мозга. Эта гипотеза плохо согласуется с целым рядом данных в отношении медленного (медленноволнового) и быстрого (парадоксального, REM) сна. Состояние коры большого мозга в фазе медленного сна более адекватно описывается классическим термином "разлитое корковое торможение". Что касается быстрого сна, то и здесь весьма интенсивная работа головного мозга никакой адаптивной роли (по крайней мере, для взрослого организма) не играет – информация обрабатывается, образно говоря, "вхолостую". Весь накопленный в последние десятилетия громадный экспериментальный и клинический материал говорит в пользу "экологической" гипотезы, рассматривающей сон как периоды "адаптивной неактивности" организма, повышающие его выживаемость в условиях враждебной среды. Функция сна, возможно, состоит в радикальной перестройке всех рефлексов бодрствования для нормального протекания таких периодов.
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