Аннотация
Внутриклеточная бактерия Wolbachia pipientis является одним из самых распространенных прокариотических симбионтов беспозвоночных. Известно, что она способна влиять на репродуктивную функцию вида-хозяина, что способствует распространению бактерии в его популяциях за счет увеличения численности зараженных самок. Но если основные эффекты Wolbachia достаточно хорошо описаны, то механизмы вызываемых ею репродуктивных аномалий и позитивного влияния на приспособленность хозяина, остаются в значительной степени малоизученными. Данный обзор посвящен обсуждению различных аспектов влияния Wolbachia на физиологию и приспособленность хозяина. Детально рассматривается симбиотическая система Wolbachia pipientis – Drosophila melanogaster, в том числе – влияние бактерии на гормональный статус хозяина и его устойчивость к различным видам стресса и вирусам, плодовитость и продолжительность жизни.
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