Аннотация
При помощи методов проточной цитометрии и световой микроскопии исследовано влияние краткосрочной ранжированной гипоксии на морфофункциональные показатели гемоцитов тихоокеанской устрицы (Crassostrea gigas). Контрольная группа содержалась в течение 24 ч при 100 % уровне насыщения воды кислородом, экспериментальные животные – при умеренной (30 % насыщение кислородом) и глубокой гипоксической нагрузке (3 % насыщение кислородом). В гемолимфе устриц идентифицировано три типа клеток – амебоциты, гиалиноциты и гранулоциты. Показано, что гипоксия не оказывала влияния на морфометрические характеристики гемоцитов, однако, индуцировала существенные изменения в функциональных параметрах клеток и приводила к сдвигам клеточного состава гемолимфы. У устриц, содержащихся в условиях умеренного дефицита кислорода, зафиксировано развитие компенсаторного ответа на гипоксию: увеличение числа гранулоцитов на 20%, усиление спонтанной продукции активных форм кислорода (АФК) агранулоцитов (на 40%) и гранулоцитов (на 90%). Глубокая кратковременная гипоксия достоверно ингибировала способность гемоцитов к генерации окислительного взрыва и индуцировала снижение относительного числа гранулярных клеток (процент от общего числа клеток в гемолимфе), что свидетельствует о неспособности устриц поддерживать нормальное функциональное состояние при 3% уровне насыщения воды кислородом.
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