Abstract
Even though hypoxia tolerance is mainly determined genetically, the research of the individual variability in the tolerance to hypoxia is important. In this study, we investigated the numbers of circulating blood cells and the coagulation system in Wistar rats as predictors that allow splitting the animal population between hypoxia tolerant and non-tolerant. The proof of the choice of reasonable predictors was the matching population split in accordance with detected individual parameters and the results of testing in a pressure chamber with rarefied air corresponding to the altitude of 11500 m above the sea level. The quantitative assessment of circulating blood cells was performed according to eighteen parameters before and after hypoxic exposure. The differences between low-tolerant (LT), high-tolerant (HT) and medium-tolerant (MT) animals to hypoxia were identified by five parameters: white blood cell counts (WBC), granulocyte counts (Gran#), red blood cell counts (RBC), % reticulocyte (RTC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). The values of RBC, RTC, and MCH in HT rats were significantly higher than in LT animals (by 1.4, 1.9, and 1.1 times, respectively). The values of WBC and Gran# in HT rats were lower than in LT individuals. The hypoxia tolerance index (HTI) was calculated using the original formula. It was found that HTI in LT rats is ≤ 0.203, in HT rats ≥ 0.335, and in MT rats < 0.335 but > 0.203. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), the thrombin time (TT), and the prothrombin time (PT) decreased, but the fibrinogen level increased after testing in a pressure chamber. LT rats were characterized by the lowest values of APTT, TT, and PT and the highest values of the fibrinogen level. As a result of the study, it was determined that one of the most important mechanisms causing a high tolerance to hypoxia is the maintenance mechanism of reciprocal relationships between the complex of the RBC indicators, which tend to increase with hypoxia, and the indicators of granulocytes, which are characterized by a decrease.
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