Аннотация
Проблема выбора адекватного метода выявления микроглии актуальна для современных нейрофизиологических и междисциплинарных исследований в связи с отсутствием универсальных подходов, позволяющих визуализировать эту популяцию клеток в препаратах головного мозга человека и лабораторных животных. В настоящем исследовании изучалась возможность использования пуринергического рецептора P2Y12 в качестве маркера для сравнительного анализа микроглии у человека и нескольких неродственных видов животных (кролик, крыса, мышь, суслик). Для исследования применялись антитела к рекомбинантному пептиду, соответствующему 303—342 аминокислотам P2Y12 рецептора человека. Показано, что наилучшие результаты выявления микроглии были характерны для человека, кролика и крысы. У суслика и мыши, помимо выявляемой микроглии, обнаруживалась неспецифическая реакция со стороны других клеток, отрицательное влияние которой на качество получаемых изображений можно уменьшить, используя средства конфокальной микроскопии. Во всех исследованных случаях отмечалось отсутствие иммунопозитивных макрофагов и клеток амебоидной микроглии, что свидетельствует о перспективности использования P2Y12 как высокоселективного маркера покоящейся микроглии. В рамках настоящего исследования впервые была проведена визуализация микроглии головного мозга кролика и суслика с использованием антител против пуринергического рецептора P2Y12.
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