Аннотация
Общеизвестно, что глубокая гипотермия приводит к нарушениям в работе сердца вплоть до полной остановки, в тоже время гипотермия может предотвращать гипоксические повреждения. При этом значительная часть работ, посвященных глубокой гипотермии, проведена на крысах и мышах, миокард которых значительно отличается от человеческого. В данной работе мы исследовали влияние глубокой гипотермии на ритмоинотропные явления в миокарде морской свинки, который во многом схож с миокардом человека. Проведено исследование зависимости частота-сила, эффекта потенциации паузой и частотно-зависимого ускорения расслабления в диапазоне 0.1 - 3.0 Гц в папиллярных мышцах правого желудочка морской свинки, при температурах 30, 20 и 10°С. Показано, что при охлаждении до температуры 10°С включительно сохраняется положительная зависимость частота-сила, в формировании которой ведущую роль играет Са2+ ток L-типа, что говорит о том, что данный механизм сохраняет свою функцию даже в условиях глубокой гипотермии. Эффект потенциации паузой сохраняется до 20°С включительно, при дальнейшем охлаждении потенциация сменяется спадом. Данный факт может свидетельствовать о том, что при 10°С нарушается функционирование саркоплазматического ретикулума, что проявляется инвертировании эффекта потенциации паузой. Эффект частотно-зависимого ускорения кинетики сокращения также сохраняется до 20°С включительно. Это может служить подтверждением того, что проявление данного эффекта в миокарде связано с работой саркоплазматического ретикулума. Таким образом, нами было обнаружено, что среди исследованных нами частотно-зависимых эффектов есть блокируемые глубокой гипотермией (эффект потенциации паузой и частотно-зависимое ускорение расслабления) и устойчивые к данному воздействию (зависимость, частота, сила), что может отражать различия в температурной чувствительности лежащих в их основе Са2+ транспортирующих механизмов.
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