Аннотация
В экспериментах на сагиттальных срезах гипоталамуса крыс-самцов Вистар изучали влияние 15 нМ инсулина на уровень спайковой активности, параметры спайкового кодирования информации нейронами супрахиазматического ядра и функциональное состояние афферентных входов к этим нейронам из аркуатного ядра. Аппликации инсулина приводили к снижению частоты генерации потенциалов действия и росту энтропии распределения межспайковых интервалов у 33.3% зарегистрированных нейронов, у 12% клеток наблюдались реакции противоположной направленности, показатели спайковой активности остальных 54.7% нейронов не изменялись. Наблюдавшиеся реакции энтропии распределения межспайковых интервалов свидетельствуют о соответствующих изменениях степени нерегулярности межспайковых интервалов под влиянием инсулина. Характеристику афферентных входов к нейронам супрахиазматического ядра из аркуатного ядра производили с помощью электрофизиологической техники построения и анализа перистимульной временной гистограммы. Статистически значимые реакции на стимуляцию аркуатного ядра зарегистрированы у 24 из 38 протестированных нейронов супрахиазматического ядра. Из них у 6 нейронов реакция протекала в виде коротколатентного (< 20 мс) возбуждения, у 1 нейрона – в виде длиннолатентного возбуждения, у 6 нейронов – в виде коротколатентного торможения, у 11 нейронов наблюдались комплексные двух- и трёхфазные реакции в виде различных сочетаний возбуждения и торможения. Аппликации 15 нМ инсулина вызвали качественное изменение реакций (в виде исчезновения исходных или появления новых реакций) у 5 нейронов, первоначально отвечавших на стимуляцию, и у 1 нейрона, первоначально не отвечавшего на стимуляцию аркуатного ядра. Статистически значимых количественных изменений латентного периода и продолжительности реакций под влиянием инсулина не обнаружено. Полученные результаты указывают на способность инсулина оказывать влияние на уровень активности и спайковый код относительно многочисленной популяции нейронов циркадианного осциллятора супрахиазматического ядра, а также модулировать функциональное состояние афферентных входов к циркадианному осциллятору из гипоталамического аркуатного ядра, играющего важную роль в регуляции аппетита и метаболизма.
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